Lý thuyết dịch

  

Conjunctive cohesion is the type of cohesion commonly and most extensively dealt with .........................................................It is often referred to as “transitional devices.”

Chọn một câu trả lời:

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.In grammatical and composition writing.

b.In grammar and composition writing. Câu trả lời đúng

c.In grammar and compositional writing.

d.In grammatically and composition writing.

 

The model indentifies three main functions that speakers/ writers uselanguage for:………………….. to encode interaction and to organize theprevious functions into a coherent whole.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. To represent experience, Câu trả lời đúng

b. Representing experience,

c. To present experience,

d. To represented experience,

 

Analyzing the data ................................................................marked and unmarked Themes, the result reveals that the number of unmarked Themes by far outweighs the number of marked Themes.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.In light of Câu trả lời đúng

b.In some of

c.In part of

d.In turn of

 

The relation between the two segments will be one of reason-result. ...........................................................................................substitution and ellipsis cohesion ties, which are meant to signal only one phoric relation at a time (with the exception of a pronoun, which can act in anaphoric, cataphoric, or exophoric reference,

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Unlike reference, Câu trả lời đúng

b.Unliked reference,

c.Dislike reference,

d.to like reference,

 

Finally, the device of ellipsis ................................................................omitting information  that was presented previously, without affecting comprehension:

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Consists about

b.Consists of Câu trả lời đúng

c.Consists for

d.Consists with

 

The original text may deal ……….. ………….any subject from general philosophical principles or postulates to minute technicalities in some obscure field of human endeavour.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. With  Câu trả lời đúng

b. About

c. Of

d. For

 

 

Each of these forms of literary activities comprises a number of subgenres and the translator may ……………………………one or some of them in accordance with his talents and experience.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Come in

b.Specialize in Câu trả lời đúng

c.Put in

d.Give in

 

Unlike reference, ellipsis, substitution and conjunctive cohesion, lexical cohesion is notassociated with any special syntactic classes of elements. It is therefore…………………………………………………and least adequately define of the five kinds.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. The most open-ended Câu trả lời đúng

b. The most open-ending

c. The most opening-ended

d. The most openly-ended.

 

Translation …………………… is an academic interdiscipline dealing with the systematic study of the theory, description and application of , , and .

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Studies Câu trả lời đúng

b. Work

c. Learn

d. Tutoring

 

The concept of context has been extensively studied by different linguists from …………………………………….., such as pragmatics and systemic-functional linguistics.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. .Different minds

b.Different thinkings

c.Different trials

d.Different perspectives Câu trả lời đúng

 

Translation shifts ………………….. both at the lower level of language, i.e. the lexicogrammar, and at the higher thematic level of text.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Find

b. Run

c. Drive

d. Occur Câu trả lời đúng

 

Different types of translation can be singled out ……………………….the

predominant communicative function of the source text or the form of speech involved in the translation process.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Depending to

b.Depending for

c.Depending on Câu trả lời đúng

d.Depended on

 

The …………………. of the translation should follow that of the original text.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Results

b. Reasons

c. Causes

d. Structure Câu trả lời đúng

 

In translation, there should be no change in the ………………………of narration or in the arrangement of the segments of the text.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Path

b. Sequence Câu trả lời đúng

c. Road

d. Play

 

Literary translation deals with literary texts, i.e. works of fiction or poetry whose main function is to make an …………………….. or aesthetic impression upon the reader.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Emotional Câu trả lời đúng

b.Emotion

c.Motion

d.Moving

 

The transformational model postulates that in any two languages there is a number of nuclear structures which are fully …………… … …. …….. each other.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Equivalent of

b. Equivalent to Câu trả lời đúng

c. Equivalent with

d. Equivalent for

 

A number of subdivisions can be also suggested for informative

translations, though the principles of ……………………….. here are somewhat different.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Classifying

b.Classify

c.Class

d.Classification Câu trả lời đúng

 

It is ……………………. that the translation has the same meaning as the original text.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. think

b. believe

c. presumed Câu trả lời đúng

d. understand

 

Translation is a .......................... of interlingual communication.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Seed

b. Direction

c. Means Câu trả lời đúng

d. Wing

 

Literary translations may be subdivided in the same way, as each genre calls for a specific arrangement and …………………… ……………..specific artistic means to impress the reader.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Makes useful of

b.Makes use of Câu trả lời đúng

c.Makes using of

d.Makes usefulness of

 

Contemporary translation activities of a translator are characterized by

a great variety of types, …………….. and levels of his responsibility.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Forms Câu trả lời đúng

b.Former

c.Forming

d.Formation

 

Translation is a ………….. of actions performed by the translator while rendering the source text into another language.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Wing

b. Set Câu trả lời đúng

c. Branch

d.

e. part

 

The source language ……………….. of cultural context and situational context.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Contents

b. Contain

c. Consists Câu trả lời đúng

d. Have

 

Each language has an area of equivalence in …………………… to the other language.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Means

b. Respect Câu trả lời đúng

c. Way

d. Effect

 

In the process of communication, the meaning system is largely determined ……………………… ………………situational context: ideational meaning by field, interpersonal meaning by tenor and textual meaning by mode .

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.By the two aspects of

b.By the three aspects of Câu trả lời đúng

c.By the five aspects of

d.By the four aspects of

 

The study is devoted to the exploration of English writing skill which sets out to obtain some concrete information on the students’ problems in writing English ……………………………………

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Supporting by Systemic Functional Grammar.

b.Supposed by Systemic Functional Grammar.

c.Support by Systemic Functional Grammar.

d.Supported by Systemic Functional Grammar. Câu trả lời đúng

 

Thematic progression helps give cohesion and thus coherence to a text, guiding the reader through the text …………………………………………

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.In a logical and ration course.

b.In a logical and rationally course.

c.In a logical and rational course. Câu trả lời đúng

d.In a logically and rational course.

 

According to the frequency analysis, the topical/ideational elements occurred at the most frequent rates followed by …………………………………..and interpersonal elements.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Textual elements Câu trả lời đúng

b.Texted elements

c.Texting elements

d.Text elements

 

Context of situation is closely related to various texts. Certain ………………………………………asks for certain text and in return, certain text creates certain context.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Situational contextual

b.Situated context

c.Situation context

d.Situational context Câu trả lời đúng

 

Theme can be identified in terms of three metafunctions: …………………..

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Ideational,interperson and textual.

b.Ideation,interpersonal and textual.

c.IDeational,interpersonal and text.

d.Ideational, interpersonal and textual. Câu trả lời đúng

 

Context of situation is closely related to various texts. Certain ………………….. asks for certain text and in return, certain text creates certain context.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Situational context Câu trả lời đúng

b. Situated context

c. Situation context

d. Situational contextual

 

Theme and Rheme boundary is a sequential ordering and range of possible groups or phrases that use for setting ……………………… ………………………….structure.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Theme and Modality

b.Tenor and Rheme

c.Theme and Rheme Câu trả lời đúng

d.Theme and Mood

 

The ideational is subdivided into two components, i.e., “experiential” and “logical”. They convey …………

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Different paths of meanings.

b.Different ways of meanings. Câu trả lời đúng

c.Different roads of meanings.

d.Different facts of meanings.

 

The multiple Theme or split Rheme pattern was used at the most frequently. This indicates that the multiple Theme or split Rheme patterns are ……………………………….

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Dominated in the texts.

b.Domination in the texts.

c.Dominant in the texts. Câu trả lời đúng

d. Dominating in the texts.

 

The topical Theme is divided into two subtypes: ………………………………Simple marked Theme refers to when a topical element is chosen for foregrounding while simple unmarked Theme refers to that which is most usual.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Unmarked and usual Theme.

b. Unmark and marked Theme.

c. Unmarked and mark Theme.

d. Unmarked and marked Theme. Câu trả lời đúng

 

Thematic structure includes Theme and Thematic

progression patterns, information structure includes …………………………………………….and cohesion includes reference, conjunction, ellipsis and lexical cohesion.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Given and take units of information

b.Given and taken units of information

c.Give and new units of information

d.Given and new units of information Câu trả lời đúng

 

 

 

In most cases, a translator decodes a text  ………………………………………, conditioned by his ideology and world knowledge

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.According to his understanding Câu trả lời đúng

b.According on his understanding

c.According with his understanding

d.According for his understanding

 

As in the case of referential cohesive devices, the translator also  …………………………………………the strategy of deletion while translating the condi-tional conjunction “even if”.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Made fool of

b.Made part of

c.Made fun of

d.Made use of Câu trả lời đúng

 

Finally, pragmatic understanding is related to ……………………………… ………………………………….In that case, the target does not state what is transferred, but it states the requirement of the process.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.The message or implies of a sentence.

b.The messager or implication of a sentence.

c.The message or implication of a sentence. Câu trả lời đúng

d.The message or implicative of a sentence.

 

The process of ………………………………………………..in a target language involves both lexico-grammatical and pragmatic analysis.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Decoding a text and encoding it Câu trả lời đúng

b.Decoding a text and encode it

c. Decode a text and encoding it

d. Decodification a text and encoding it

 

In regard to reference, the Target Text tends ……………………………

………………………………………that are equivalent to the ones used in the Source Text.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. To presenting cohesive devices

b. To presentation cohesive devices

c. To presentative cohesive devices

d. To present cohesive devices Câu trả lời đúng

 

Furthermore, words such as hence and so indicate that there is a preceding segment of text presenting a cause or reason, and … …………………………………………

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.A following segmentation presenting a result.

b.A following segmental presenting a result.

c.A followed segment presenting a result.

d.A following segment presenting a result.Câu trả lời đúng

 

Translators need ……………….. ……………………………………………that help to achieve their goals in enhancing communication across different nations.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Encompass a diversity of factors

b.Encompassing a diversity of factors

c.To encompass a diversity of factors Câu trả lời đúng

d.To encompassing a diversity of factors

 

Similarly to pronoun reference, the cohesive device of conjunction proves …………………………………. …………………………. of the Target Text.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. To problematic for the translator

b. To be problem for the translator

c. To be problematic for the translator Câu trả lời đúng

d. Be problematic for the translator

 

Furthermore, the fourth device —substitution— is marked by the use of nouns, verbs or clauses ………………………………….. ………………………….. previously presented.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Replace some informations

b.To replace some information Câu trả lời đúng

c.To replacing some information

d.To be replaced some information

 

A world of …………………………. ………………………..needs translators that beside their specialized knowledge in the two languages, they should also experience intercultural competence.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Different interacting cultures Câu trả lời đúng

b.Differing interacting cultures

c.Different interactingly cultures

d.Different interaction cultures

 

The use of multiple Themes is one of ……………………………….of writing exposition, helping the writers in their attemptes to persuade the readers.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. The characteristic feartures Câu trả lời đúng

b. The characteristic fearturing

c. The characteristically feartures

d. The character feartures

 

The distinctive relationship between ……………………………………………. is established by the ability of translation to approximate a multilingual communication to a monolingual one.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.The original and translation Câu trả lời đúng

b.The origin and translation

c.The original and translating

d.The original and translated

 

Text is a meaningful unit, but to guide persons towards meanings it is recommended to start from …………………………………………….

…………………………..after that inspect the STs and their probable translation.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.The lexico-grammatical realizations analysis, Câu trả lời đúng

b.The lexicology-grammatical realizations analysis,

c.The lexico-grammar realizations analysis,

d.The lexico-grammatical realizing analysis,

 

The device of substitution was not extensively used’ in either text. Only the ST employed it once, …………………………………..

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. To using the verb “do”

b. Usage the verb “ do”

c. Using the verb “do” Câu trả lời đúng

d. Uses the verb “do”

 

There are also omissions, partial equivalences and even complete alterations of …………………………..……………………………………….in the ST.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.The being connected signaled by the cohesive device

b.The connective signaled by the cohesive device

c.The connection signaled by the cohesive device Câu trả lời đúng

d.The connecting signaled by the cohesive device

 

The writers used multiple Theme by ………………………………………..to topical Theme to create connectedness in the text. As a result, it provides the writers with an effective way to convey information circulated in the written text.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Adding text Theme and interpersonal Theme

b.Adding textual Thematic and interpersonal Theme

c.Adding textual Theme and interperson Theme

d.Adding textual Theme and interpersonal Theme Câu trả lời đúng

 

Theme……………………………..which is optional followed by the interpersonal element which is optional and followed by a topical/ ideational element which is obligatory.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a. Consists of the textual element Câu trả lời đúng

b. Consists about the textual element

c. Consists for the textual element

d Consists on the textual element

 

Transliteration is the process rendering the letters of one alphabet in terms of the letters of another with a different alphabetical system. In transcription the pronunciation of …………………………………………is transcribed in the alphabetical system of the Target Language.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.The Source Linguistic word

b.The Source Language word Câu trả lời đúng

c.The Course Language word

d.The Resource Language word

 

While the presence of specialized  is a feature of technical texts, specialized terminology alone is not ........................................... classifying a text as "technical" since numerous disciplines and subjects which are not "technical" possess what can be regarded as specialized terminology

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Sufficiency for

b.Insufficiency for

c.Sufficiently for

d.Sufficient for Câu trả lời đúng

 

 

Technical translation is a type of  involving the  of documents ............................................ (, , etc.), or more specifically, texts which relate to technological subject areas or texts which deal with the practical application of scientific and technological information.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Producing by

b.Produced by Câu trả lời đúng

c.Being producing by

d.Production by

 

 

Literal translation ....................……………..word to word; group to group; collocation to collocation; clause to clause; sentence to sentence. The smaller the unit, the commoner the approach, following the basic translation procedures.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Ranges around

b.Ranges from Câu trả lời đúng

c.Ranges for

d.Ranges about

 

…………………………………., the theory of translation should be a branch of comparative linguistics. His approach was purely linguistic and textual.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.According for Catford

b.According on Catford

c.According with Catford

d.According to Catford Câu trả lời đúng

 

Technical translation is a type of involving the of documents …………………………………….. (, , etc.), or more specifically, texts which relate to technological subject areas or texts which deal with the practical application of scientific and technological information.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Producing by

b.Produced by Câu trả lời đúng

c.Being producing by

d.Production by

 

While the presence of specialized is a feature of technical texts, specialized terminology alone is not ……………

………………………. classifying a text as “technical” since numerous disciplines and subjects which are not “technical” possess what can be regarded as specialized terminology

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Insufficiency for

b.Sufficiently for

c.Sufficient for Câu trả lời đúng

d.Sufficiency for

 

Technical and scientific translation has traditionally been the dogsbody of theoretical discussions of translation. The underlying rationale when approaching this type of translation has usually been that literature ………………………..a creative elaboration of language.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Involvedly

b.Involving

c.Involves Câu trả lời đúng

d.Involvement

 

In addition to reading comprehension ability, the knowledge of specialized subjects ……………………………………………….and a wide cultural background, and the global vision of cross-cultural and interlingual communication.

 

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Derived around specialized training

b.Derived with specialized training

c.Derived from specialized training Câu trả lời đúng

d.Derived about specialized training

 

Word-for-word translation transfers Source Language grammar and ……………………………., as well as the primary meanings of all the Source Language words into the translation, and is normally effective only for brief simple neutral sentences.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Word-order Câu trả lời đúng

b.Word-line

c.Word-boundary

d.Word-arrangement

 

Translators usually have to deal with six different problematic areas in their work, …………………………………they are translating technical documents or a sworn statement.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Whether  Câu trả lời đúng

b.When

c.What

d.How

 

Mode refers to what part the language is playing, what it is that the participants are ………………………………………in that situation: the symbolic organization of the text, the status that it has, and its function in the context.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Expectation the language to do for them

b.Be expecting the language to do for them

c.Expecting the language to do for them Câu trả lời đúng

d.Expected the language to do for them

 

…………………………………….., conjunctions do not signal the informa-tion present in the text, rather they signal, by means of “formal markers”, “the way the writer wants the reader to relate what is about to be said to what has been said before”

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.As to being opposed to reference

b.As be opposed to reference

c.As opposing to reference

d.As opposed to reference Câu trả lời đúng

 

Translators should be skilled to handle the challenge of intercultural associations, which in a way incorporates forces of ……… …………………………………………………and many other historical and societal factors.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.Politics, economics, religion, poetics, ideology, Câu trả lời đúng

b.Politics, economics, religious, poetics, ideology,

c.Political, economics, religion, poetics, ideology,

d.Politics, economical, religion, poetics, ideology,